How to Reference
(Citation vs Reference)

Many methods exist.

APIIT and Staffordshire University uses the Harvard Name convention.

Citing:
        acknowledging within your text the document from which you have obtained your information.

Reference:
        the detailed description of the document from which you have obtained your information.

Citations in your text

In the text you refer to a particular document by using the author's surname and year of publication.

If the author's name occurs naturally in a sentence, the year is given in brackets:
...as defined by Seddon (2003)

If not, then both name and year are shown in brackets:
In a recent study (Smith, 2000), management is described as..

Special Types of Citation

If the same author has published more than one cited document in the same year these are distinguished by lower case letters:
            Drucker (1989a), Drucker (1989b) etc

If there are two authors both names should be given before the date:
             Gremlin and Jenking (1981)...

If there are more than three authors only the surname of the first author should be given, followed by 'et al':
             Kotler et al (1987)

Common Sources To Reference

You are more likely to refer to information from:
        Books
        Contributions to books
        Corporate Bodies
        Journal articles
        Conference proceedings

Electronic sources are dealt with later